You probably already know how an unhealthy lifestyle, or habits like smoking, can raise your cancer risk. But here’s something you might not be aware of: Sometimes the same risk can be hidden in your genes. You could be doing everything “right,” and still carry a tiny genetic change that quietly raises your risk of developing cancer. And that’s where genetic cancer testing steps in.
While the test doesn’t predict your fate, it gives you a heads-up. A way to understand what’s written in your DNA, instead of letting you be caught off guard.
In this blog, you’ll build a solid understanding of these tests and learn how they can help you stay one step ahead of the condition. Let’s get started!
Understanding What Genetic Cancer Testing Is
Is cancer always random? Not quite! Research suggests that around 5–10% of all cancers are linked to inherited genetic changes. Changes which are passed down quietly through families, sometimes even generations. This means that while lifestyle choices like smoking, diet, and environment play a big role in deciding your cancer risk, your genes can also set the stage. The worst part? You may not even realise it!
Genetic cancer testing helps uncover this very hidden risk. It looks for small, inherited changes in your DNA, also known as mutations, that can increase your probability of developing certain cancers. So while these tests don’t diagnose cancer, they do tell you whether your body carries markers that may put you at a higher risk.
List of Cancers Caused By Genetic Mutations
Did you know that more than 400 genes are linked to inherited cancer? Let’s take a look at some of the common cancers which may be caused due to these inherited mutations:
- Breast cancer
- Colon cancer
- Kidney cancer
- Pancreatic cancer
- Uterine cancer
- Prostate cancer
- Stomach cancer
- Thyroid cancer
- Ovarian cancer
Who Should Consider Genetic Cancer Testing?
Your doctor might recommend that you opt for a genetic cancer test if you or your family members have a past history. Or your other test reports hint at the likelihood of an inherited mutation linked to cancer.
Broadly speaking, you should consider this test if you:
- Have multiple types of cancer
- Got a cancer diagnosis at a young age
- Have a rare cancer (considering your age and gender)
- Got cancer in both sets of an organ, such as your kidneys or the breasts
- Have signs suggestive of an inherited cancer
- Belong to a particular race or ethnicity that’s known for having certain inherited cancer syndromes, and you also have additional risk factors
Furthermore, you may also be asked to take this test if many of your family members had the same type of cancer; cancer at a young age, or if they are known to carry an inherited cancer-related mutation.
Genetic Cancer Testing: Here’s What To Expect
A genetic cancer test usually starts with a genetic counselling session. The counsellor helps you choose the most appropriate test and makes you aware of its pros and cons. They also help you understand the basics of the test, such as its cost. Moreover, they guide you through the entire process and explain what positive or negative test results may mean for your health.
The test is usually done using a small blood or saliva sample. Once collected, it’s sent to a specialised lab for analysis, and the results are shared after a standard turnaround time.1 There are different types of genetic tests available, each designed to look for specific markers. One of the more comprehensive & reliable ones is LifeCell’s Hereditary Cancer Gene Panel_ONCO, which screens your blood for 106 genes simultaneously, offering a detailed view of your potential cancer risk. The test is ideal for those who have a history of multiple primary cancers or the ones with relatives who developed some common inherited cancers across generations.
A positive result may indicate that you’re at a higher risk of getting a particular inherited cancer. And a negative result may indicate otherwise. At this point, it’s best to get your findings evaluated by an expert doctor.
Summing Up
A cancer screening test can help you with some empowering information. For some of you, it could mean starting regular screenings earlier or taking preventive steps. For others, it may help doctors tailor treatment plans that work best as per their genetic profile.
But then, of course, the testing decision shouldn’t be taken lightly or randomly. A genetic counsellor or doctor can guide you on whether or not it’s necessary and how to interpret your results.
Because ultimately, this genetic testing isn’t about predicting your future. Instead, it’s about giving you a clearer picture, so you can make informed choices without being paranoid.